Cross-sectional and functional imaging of the temporomandibular joint: radiology, pathology, and basic biomechanics of the jaw.

Sommer OJ, Aigner F, Rudisch A, Gruber H, Fritsch H, Millesi W, Stiskal M.
Department of Radiology, Hospital Lainz, Wolkersbergenstrasse 1, Vienna, Austria 1130. oliver.sommer@wienkav.at

Radiographics. 2003 Nov-Dec;23(6):e14. Epub 2003 Aug 14.

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a common site of complaint. Clicking sounds and pain are indicators of a frequent condition called internal derangement, most often affecting females. As a general term, internal derangement describes a structural abnormality within an articulation. The internal derangement of the TMJ is a specific term defined as an abnormal positional and functional relationship between the disk and articulating surfaces. Imaging of the joint is an important element in the diagnostic work-up. Trauma and inflammatory arthritis account for most of the other TMJ problems. A thorough understanding of joint anatomy and normal function is a prerequisite for perceiving abnormalities and making the correct diagnosis. The authors elucidate joint anatomy, correlating cadaveric specimen and anatomic slices with conventional and cross-sectional imaging studies. TMJ biomechanics are illustrated with schematics and animations, and an overview of imaging strategies and techniques is presented. Common abnormalities are described and illustrated, and a brief discussion of therapeutic options is included. Copyright RSNA, 2003

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